Calculus is a fundamental branch of mathematics that deals with continuous change and motion. It consists of two main parts: differential calculus, which studies rates of change and slopes of curves, and integral calculus, which studies accumulation of quantities and areas under curves. Together, these concepts form the foundation for understanding change in the natural world.
微分学研究函数的变化率。导数告诉我们函数在某一点处变化的快慢。从几何角度看，导数表示曲线上切线的斜率。当我们沿着曲线移动时，可以看到斜率如何变化，这为我们理解函数的性质提供了深入的洞察。