Climate change is one of the major challenges facing the world today. It refers to long-term changes in Earth's climate system, mainly characterized by a continuous rise in global average temperatures. From the chart, we can see that over the past century, global average temperatures have shown a clear upward trend. The greenhouse effect is the main mechanism causing climate change, where greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide in the atmosphere absorb heat radiated from Earth's surface, causing global temperatures to rise.
The main causes of climate change are human activities, particularly the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation. The pie chart shows that energy production accounts for 25% of global carbon emissions, industry 21%, transportation 16%, and buildings 18%. The bar chart demonstrates that global carbon emissions have increased significantly from 22 billion tons in 1990 to 36 billion tons in 2020. Industrial activities, vehicle emissions, and deforestation are the primary sources of greenhouse gas increases.
Climate change has severe impacts on our planet and society. Sea levels have risen by 8 centimeters since 1990, and extreme weather events have tripled in frequency. We can see glacier melting, increased flooding, severe droughts, and accelerating species extinction. These changes threaten food security, human health, and economic stability. Biodiversity loss is particularly concerning, as many species cannot adapt quickly enough to changing conditions.
Solving climate change requires comprehensive action across multiple sectors. Renewable energy has grown from 5% to 25% of global electricity generation since 2000. Countries have set ambitious reduction targets, with the EU aiming for 55% emission cuts by 2030. Key solutions include solar and wind power, electric vehicles, and green building technologies. Individual actions like reducing carbon footprints and supporting sustainable development are equally important for achieving carbon neutrality.
Now let's practice what we've learned through some exercises. First, fill in the blanks: The burning of fossil fuels is the main cause of global warming. Next, choose the correct answer: Rising sea levels threaten coastal communities and food security. Finally, complete the sentence: Renewable energy sources like solar and wind can help reduce carbon emissions. When writing about climate change, use linking words like 'therefore' and 'however', express your opinions clearly, and provide specific examples. Remember to structure your essay with an introduction, main body discussing causes and solutions, and a strong conclusion calling for action.