In July 2008, Chen Da from Province A filed a lawsuit against his son Chen Xiao, who lived in County Jia of Province B, over a maintenance fee dispute. County Jia Court accepted the case. However, in August 2008, an administrative boundary change occurred where County Jia's territory was transferred to County Yi's jurisdiction. This led to a jurisdictional dispute between the two courts, with each court transferring the case back and forth.
Understanding jurisdiction establishment is crucial for this case. Territorial jurisdiction means courts have authority over cases within their geographic boundaries. The key principle is that jurisdiction is determined at the time of case filing, not at any later point. When a plaintiff files a lawsuit, they must choose a court that has proper jurisdiction over the defendant. Once the court accepts the case and establishes jurisdiction, this creates a legal relationship that governs the entire proceeding.
我们来分析一个关于法院管辖权的经典案例。2008年7月,住在A省的陈大因赡养费纠纷,将住在B省甲县的儿子陈小起诉到甲县法院。甲县法院受理了此案。但是在8月份,经政府正式批准,甲县所属区域划归乙县管辖。这引发了一场管辖权的争议。
管辖恒定原则是民事诉讼法的重要原则。它规定,一旦法院合法受理案件,该法院对案件就享有管辖权,后续的行政区划调整、当事人住所变更等因素都不能改变这种管辖关系。这个原则的目的是保护当事人的诉讼权利,避免因外部因素影响正常的诉讼进程。
2008年8月的行政区划调整显著改变了地理格局。甲县的区域被转移到乙县管辖,有效地扩大了乙县的行政区域。然而,这种行政重组不会自动影响待决的法律案件。一般的法律原则是,法院对在边界变更前合法受理的案件保持管辖权。这保护了当事人不会因为超出其控制范围的行政决定而在法院之间被推来推去。
让我们分析一下两个法院的处理过程。甲县法院认为,由于管辖区域发生变化,自己不再具有管辖权,因此将案件移送至乙县法院。而乙县法院则依据管辖恒定原则,认为甲县法院在案件受理时是有管辖权的,因此应该继续审理,于是将案件送还。这就形成了一个管辖权的争议。
根据管辖恒定原则进行分析:A选项正确,乙县法院对该案没有管辖权,因为案件是在甲县划转前受理的。B选项正确,甲县法院的移送管辖是错误的,违反了管辖恒定原则。C选项错误,乙县法院送还案件是正确的做法。D选项错误,甲县法院对该案仍然具有管辖权。因此,正确答案是A和B。管辖恒定原则确保了司法程序的稳定性和当事人权利的保护。