这个题，以微课的形式讲给小学三年级的孩子听---Here is the extracted content from the image: **Question 5** **Question Stem:** 在劳动课上，小明做了8朵花，小红做的比小明少3朵，小军做的是小红的2倍。小军做了多少朵花？ (On the labor class, Xiaoming made 8 flowers, Xiaohong made 3 less than Xiaoming, Xiaojun made 2 times as many as Xiaohong. How many flowers did Xiaojun make?) **阅读理解 (Reading Comprehension)** * **Textual Information:** 我画线段图表示已知条件和问题。 (I draw a line segment diagram to represent the known conditions and questions.) * **Chart Description (Line Segment Diagram):** * **Type:** Line segment diagram. * **Main Elements:** * **Xiaoming (小明):** Represented by a horizontal line segment. It is labeled "8 朵" (8 flowers) above the segment, indicating its total length/value. * **Xiaohong (小红):** Represented by a horizontal line segment below Xiaoming's. It starts at the same vertical alignment as Xiaoming's. Its end point is aligned with a dashed vertical line that goes up to Xiaoming's segment. A short dotted horizontal segment next to this dashed line is labeled "少 3 朵" (3 less flowers), indicating the difference in length/quantity between Xiaoming's and Xiaohong's. * **Xiaojun (小军):** Represented by a horizontal line segment below Xiaohong's. It starts at the same vertical alignment as the other two. A bracket spans the entire length of this segment, and it is labeled "? 朵" (? flowers) below the segment, indicating the unknown quantity to be found. * **Relative Position:** Xiaoming's segment is at the top, Xiaohong's in the middle, and Xiaojun's at the bottom. **分析解答 (Analysis and Solution)** * **Textual Information:** * **Left Column Explanation:** 根据“小明做了8朵花，小红做的比小明少3朵”，可以先求出小红做了多少…… (According to "Xiaoming made 8 flowers, Xiaohong made 3 less than Xiaoming", we can first find out how many Xiaohong made...) * **Right Column Explanation:** 要求小军做了多少朵花，需要知道小红做了多少朵，怎样求呢？ (To find out how many flowers Xiaojun made, we need to know how many Xiaohong made. How do we find that?) * **Summary:** 两种思考方法都是先求出小红做的朵数。 (Both thinking methods first find out the number of flowers Xiaohong made.) * **Chart Description (Flowcharts/Logic Diagrams):** * **Type:** Flowcharts/Logic diagrams using oval shapes to represent quantities/conditions and arrows to show dependencies or calculation order. * **Left Flowchart (Deductive Approach):** * Two initial oval nodes at the top: "小明做的朵数" (Number of flowers Xiaoming made) and "小红比小明少3朵" (Xiaohong made 3 less than Xiaoming). * Arrows from these two nodes point down to a single oval node: "小红做的朵数" (Number of flowers Xiaohong made). * An additional oval node, "小军做的是小红的2倍" (Xiaojun made 2 times as many as Xiaohong), is positioned to the right of "小红做的朵数". * Arrows from "小红做的朵数" and "小军做的是小红的2倍" point down to the final oval node: "小军做的朵数" (Number of flowers Xiaojun made). * This chart illustrates the steps to calculate: (Xiaoming's quantity - Difference) -> Xiaohong's quantity; (Xiaohong's quantity * Multiplier) -> Xiaojun's quantity. * **Right Flowchart (Backward Reasoning/Goal-Oriented Approach):** * One oval node at the top: "小军做的朵数" (Number of flowers Xiaojun made). This represents the goal. * An arrow points down from "小军做的朵数" to two oval nodes: "小军做的是小红的2倍" (Xiaojun made 2 times as many as Xiaohong) and "小红做的朵数" (Number of flowers Xiaohong made). This implies to find Xiaojun's quantity, we need to know Xiaohong's quantity and the relationship. * An arrow points down from "小红做的朵数" to two oval nodes: "小红比小明少3朵" (Xiaohong made 3 less than Xiaoming) and "小明做的朵数" (Number of flowers Xiaoming made). This implies to find Xiaohong's quantity, we need to know Xiaoming's quantity and the difference. * This chart illustrates thinking backward from the desired answer to identify necessary intermediate steps. * **Mathematical Formulas/Calculations:** * 8 - 3 = 5 (朵) * 5 × 2 = 10 (朵) * **Combined Formula (综合算式):** (8 - 3) × 2 = ____ (Blank line for result) = ____ ( ) (Blank line for result and unit) * **Answer Prompt:** 答: 小军做了 □ 朵花。 (Answer: Xiaojun made □ flowers.) **回顾反思 (Review and Reflection)** * **Textual Information:** 如果解决一个问题需要多个步骤，要想好先解决什么，再解决什么。 (If solving a problem requires multiple steps, you need to think carefully about what to solve first, and what to solve next.)