根据附件图片内容,讲解 一动两定(胡不归) 模型---能力点 3 一动两定(胡不归)
**方法总结**
**条件:**
点 A 为直线 l 上一定点, 点 B 为直线 l 外一定点, 点 P 为直线 l 上一动点, 求 kAP+BP (0 < k < 1) 的最小值
**图示:**
[Diagram 1 Description]
- Type: Geometric figure.
- Main Elements:
- A line labeled 'l'.
- Point A on line l, labeled (定点).
- Point P on line l, labeled (动点).
- Point B outside line l, labeled (定点).
- Line segments AP and BP connecting the points.
- A right arrow pointing from Diagram 1 to Diagram 2.
[Diagram 2 Description]
- Type: Geometric figure.
- Main Elements:
- A line labeled 'l' with points A, P, P' on it. A is labeled (定点), P is labeled (动点).
- Point B outside line l, labeled (定点).
- Point N.
- Line AN.
- Line segment BE perpendicular to line AN at point E.
- Point E is on line AN.
- Line segment BE intersects line l at point P.
- Line segments AP, P'P, BP are shown.
- Angle ∠NAP' is indicated.
**解题思路:**
一找: 找带有系数 k 的线段 AP;
二作: 在直线 l 上找一点 P', 以定点 A 为顶点作 ∠NAP'=k, 过点 B 作 BE ⊥ AN 于点 E, 交直线 l 于点 P;
三转换: 等量转换 kAP = PE;
四求解: 结合题意求解
**结论:**
kAP+BP 的最小值为线段 BE 的长
**方法应用**
**例 3**
**Question Stem:**
例 3 如图, 在边长为 4 的正方形 ABCD 中, P 是直线 BC 上一动点, 连接 DP, 则 $\sqrt{2}DP+BP$ 的最小值为 ______
**Diagram Title:**
例 3 题图
**Diagram Description:**
- Type: Geometric figure (square).
- Main Elements:
- A square ABCD. Vertices are labeled A, B, C, D in counterclockwise order, with A at the top left.
- Point P is on the line BC, located to the right of point C on the extended line segment BC. P is labeled.
- Line segments DP and BP are drawn.
**关键点点拨:**
出现带特殊系数 ($\sqrt{2}, \frac{1}{2}, \sqrt{3}$) 的线段时, 考虑构造含特殊角 ($45^\circ, 30^\circ, 60^\circ$) 的直角三角形进行线段转换.