git工作原理---**Extraction Content:** **Title:** 一图看懂 Git 工作原理 **Chart Type:** Sequence Diagram/Flowchart illustrating interactions between Git components. **Main Elements:** **Components (Vertical Lines/Columns):** 1. 本地工作目录 (Local Working Directory) - Represented by a folder icon. 2. 暂存区 (Staging Area) - Represented by a box icon. 3. 本地仓库 (Local Repository) - Represented by a cylinder icon. 4. GitHub 远程仓库 (GitHub Remote Repository) - Represented by the GitHub logo. **Interactions/Commands (Horizontal Dashed Arrows with Labels):** * **Interaction:** Initializes a repository. * **Command:** git init * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录 to 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Adds changes from the working directory to the staging area. * **Command:** git add * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录 to 暂存区. * **Interaction:** Commits changes from the staging area to the local repository. * **Command:** git commit * **Direction:** From 暂存区 to 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Checks the status of the working directory and staging area. * **Command:** git status * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录, pointing towards 暂存区. * **Interaction:** Views the commit history. * **Command:** git log * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录, pointing towards 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Merges a local branch into the current branch. * **Command:** git merge * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录, pointing towards 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Creates a new branch. * **Command:** git branch * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录, pointing towards 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Switches to a specified branch. * **Command:** git checkout * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录, pointing towards 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Views the detailed changes in files. * **Command:** git diff * **Direction:** From 本地工作目录, pointing towards 暂存区. * **Interaction:** Clones a remote repository into a new local repository. * **Command:** git clone * **Direction:** From GitHub 远程仓库, via 本地仓库, to 本地工作目录. * **Interaction:** Pushes changes from the local repository to the remote repository. * **Command:** git push * **Direction:** From 本地仓库 to GitHub 远程仓库. * **Interaction:** Fetches updates from the remote repository to the local repository. * **Command:** git fetch * **Direction:** From GitHub 远程仓库 to 本地仓库. * **Interaction:** Pulls the latest code from a remote branch (and automatically merges). * **Command:** git pull origin <分支名> * **Direction:** From GitHub 远程仓库, via 本地仓库, to 本地工作目录. * **Annotation:** (自动合并) (Auto Merge) **Other Relevant Text:** * **Source/Annotation:** 公众号: 程序员晓凡 (WeChat Official Account: Programmer Xiaofan)