讲解题目，并教会我如何理解记忆---**Title:** 计算和程序复习 **Section:** ② 隐马尔可夫模型 (Hidden Markov Model, HMM) **Content:** * 基于统计的方法: 标注法 * 状态序列为标注的结果，每个时刻的状态值有4种情况: {B, M, E, S} * B: 词首 (Beginning of Word) * M: 词中 (Middle of Word) * E: 词尾 (End of Word) * S: 单字词 (Single Character Word) **Example:** * 例如: 我是一位程序员 * [Box: 观测序列] pointing to "我是一位程序员" * [Box: 状态序列] pointing to "{S S B E B M E}" * 对上面语句进行序列标注，假设得到状态序列为{S S B E B M E}，则有: 我/S 是/S 一/B 位/E 程/B 序/M 员/E * 得到了这个标注结果后，即可得到分词结果: 我/是/一位/程序员 **Title:** 计算和程序复习 (Calculation and Program Review) **Section Heading:** ② 隐马尔可夫模型 (Hidden Markov Model, HMM) **Description:** * □ HMM 用于中文分词 - 利用Viterbi(维特比)算法求解 (HMM is used for Chinese word segmentation - solved using the Viterbi algorithm) * ➢ 利用Viterbi算法找出一条概率最大路径 (Use the Viterbi algorithm to find the path with the maximum probability) **Diagram Description:** * Type: State transition diagram/Trellis diagram illustrating the Viterbi algorithm for sequence labeling. * Main Elements: * Top Row: A sequence of 11 blue square boxes, each containing a single Chinese character. From left to right: 人, 民, 收, 入, 和, 生, 活, 水, 平, 进, 一, 步, 提, 高. (There are 14 characters listed, but only 11 boxes are shown in the diagram: 人, 民, 收, 入, 和, 生, 活, 水, 平, 进, 一, 步, 提, 高. The image shows 14 boxes). * Rows Below: Four rows of circles, each row representing a possible state for the character above it. Each circle contains a letter. There are 14 columns corresponding to the 14 characters. * Row 1 (immediately below characters): 14 purple circles, each containing the letter 'B'. * Row 2 (below Row 1): 14 purple circles, each containing the letter 'E'. * Row 3 (below Row 2): 14 purple circles, each containing the letter 'M'. * Row 4 (bottom row): 14 purple circles, each containing the letter 'S'. * Connections: Lines connect circles in consecutive columns, representing possible state transitions. The red lines with arrows indicate a specific path through the states, starting from the first column and ending in the last column. * The red path goes from 'B' in column 1 to 'E' in column 2, 'B' in column 3 to 'E' in column 4, 'B' in column 5 to 'E' in column 7, 'B' in column 8 to 'E' in column 9, 'S' in column 10, 'B' in column 11 to 'E' in column 12, 'B' in column 13 to 'E' in column 14. * Labels: The characters in the top boxes are labels (observations). The letters B, E, M, S within the circles represent hidden states (likely part-of-word tags like Beginning, End, Middle, Single). **Result:** * HMM分词结果: 人民/收入/和/生活/水平/进一步/提高 (HMM Word Segmentation Result: 人民/收入/和/生活/水平/进一步/提高)