“Solve Dijkstra’s Algorithm with a simple weighted graph of 4–5 nodes. Show the step-by-step procedure including initialization, distance updates, and final shortest path from the source node to all other nodes. Include the distance table after each step and the final path for each node. Keep it brief and suitable for writing in a university exam

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Dijkstra's algorithm is a fundamental graph algorithm that finds the shortest paths from a single source node to all other nodes in a weighted graph. Today we'll solve this step by step using a simple 4-node graph with nodes A, B, C, and D, where A is our source node. The graph has edges with weights: A to B weight 1, A to C weight 4, B to C weight 2, B to D weight 5, and C to D weight 1.