present perfect explanation for 6th grade esl students
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Welcome to learning about the Present Perfect tense! Think of the Present Perfect as a special bridge. This bridge connects things that happened in the past to what is happening right now in the present. It's a very useful tense that helps us talk about experiences and actions that are still important today.
Now let's learn how to make the Present Perfect tense. It's actually quite simple! You need exactly two parts. First, you need the helping verb 'have' or 'has'. We use 'have' with I, you, we, and they. We use 'has' with he, she, and it. Second, you need the past participle of the main verb. For example, 'I have played' or 'She has eaten'. Let's practice this formula together!
The first way we use Present Perfect is to talk about life experiences. These are things you did sometime in your life, but we don't say exactly when. For example, 'I have visited the zoo' means sometime in my life, I went to the zoo. It's an experience I have. We often use keywords like 'ever' in questions and 'never' for things we haven't done. 'He has never flown in a plane' means in his whole life, he didn't fly.
The second way we use Present Perfect is for actions that started in the past and are still true now. For example, 'We have lived here for 3 years' means we started living here 3 years ago, and we still live here now. 'She has studied English since 2021' means she started studying in 2021, and she is still studying now. We use 'for' to show how long, and 'since' to show when it started.