光的折射---**Title:** 五上科学暑假班 光学 **Subtitle:** 光的折射与光沿直线传播 **Question:** 水中铅笔为什么看起来变高了？ **Image Description:** **Image 1: Refraction of Light** - **Type:** Diagram and photograph. - **Description:** - Photograph of a red pencil submerged in a blue container of water, showing the pencil appearing bent at the water surface. - Diagram illustrating the phenomenon of light refraction causing an object in water to appear shallower than its real depth. - Shows an object (O) submerged in water. - Labels: "真实深度" (Real depth) pointing to the actual depth of the object O; "视深度" (Apparent depth) pointing to the perceived shallower depth of the virtual image of O. - The boundary between water and air is shown. - An eye is depicted observing the object from above the water surface. - Red solid lines with arrows show light rays traveling from the object O through the water surface towards the eye, demonstrating refraction (bending away from the normal when exiting water into air). - Red dashed lines extend the refracted rays back to where they appear to originate, showing the location of the virtual image at the apparent depth. - The text "水" (Water) labels the water body. **Image 2: Graph** - **Type:** Line graph. - **Description:** Contains two curves, one solid black and one dashed red, showing similar peaked shapes. Axes are not labeled. **Text:** KP SCIENCE **Image 3: Pinhole Camera Diagram 1** - **Type:** Exploded view diagram. - **Description:** - Illustrates the structure of a simple pinhole camera. - Shows a box (箱体) with a front panel (面板) and a back screen or plane (平面). - The front panel has a circular hole (圆形孔) and a smaller pinhole (小针孔). - An object (represented by a green tree) is placed outside the box. - Arrows indicate light rays from the top and bottom of the tree passing through the pinhole and forming an inverted image of the tree on the plane inside the box. **Image 4: Pinhole Imaging Examples** - **Type:** Diagrams. - **Description:** - Top diagram: Illustrates pinhole imaging with an object (tree labeled A and B for top and bottom) in front of a small pinhole (小针孔). Light rays from A and B pass through the pinhole and form an inverted image (labeled B and A, respectively) on a screen (labeled). - Bottom diagram: Shows different aperture shapes in a gray square. The shapes include a large circular hole (大孔), a small circular hole (小孔), and a triangular hole (三角孔). **Registration Information:** **Text:** 报名咨询 (Registration Inquiry) **Other Content:** - QR code (for registration inquiry). - Summer Class Sessions (暑假 期) and Dates: - 暑假 1期: 6月 28–7月 28 - 暑假 2期: 7月 10–7月 23 - 暑假 3期: 7月 28–8月 8 - 暑假 4期: 8月 11–8月 22 五上科学暑假班 光学 海市蜃楼光路成因图 Chart/Diagram Description: This section contains two diagrams illustrating mirages, separated by a dashed line. Upper Diagram: 海市蜃楼下蜃景 (Lower Mirage) * Type: Illustration/Diagram * Elements: * A person is standing on the left. * Two layers of air are labeled: "冷空气" (Cold Air) above and "热空气" (Hot Air) below. The boundary between the layers is a horizontal line. * Two green lines represent light rays originating from the head and base of the person, bending upwards as they pass through the air layers towards a red car on the right. * A red car is shown, with a second inverted red car below it, reflected as a lower mirage. * Dashed green lines indicate the perceived direction of light, forming the inverted image of the car below the actual car. * A horizontal red line represents the ground or surface. Middle Section: * Type: Graph * Elements: * A black curved line rises from left to right, then dips slightly. * A red dashed curved line follows a similar but lower path initially, then rises sharply, crossing the black line and peaking higher, before dropping. * Large text "KP SCIENCE" is written to the right of the graph. Lower Diagram: 海市蜃楼上蜃景 (Upper Mirage) * Type: Illustration/Diagram * Elements: * A person is standing on the left. * Two layers of air are labeled: "热空气" (Hot Air) above and "冷空气" (Cold Air) below. The boundary between the layers is represented by a wavy blue area (representing cold air, possibly water or cold ground). * Two green lines represent light rays originating from the head and base of the person, bending downwards as they pass through the air layers towards mountains on the right. * Mountains are shown on the right, with a second upright mountain shape above them, reflected as an upper mirage. * Dashed green lines indicate the perceived direction of light, forming the upright image of the mountains above the actual mountains. * A horizontal red line represents the ground or surface. Bottom Section: * Text: 报名咨询 (Enrollment Consultation) * Image: A QR code is present to the right of "报名咨询". * List: 暑假 1期: 6月 28—7月 28 暑假 2期: 7月 10—7月 23 暑假 3期: 7月 28—8月 8 暑假 4期: 8月 11—8月 22