please solve these problems with steps one by one---Handwritten text above question (b): A has a higher kinetic energy than B because it's closer to the Sun. Question Stem: (b) An asteroid (minor planet) orbits the Sun in a circular orbit of radius 4.5 x 10⁸ km. The radius of Earth's orbit is 1.5 x 10⁸ km. Calculate, in years, the orbital period of the asteroid. Other Relevant Text: Dotted lines are present below the question, presumably for writing the answer. A diagonal red line is drawn across the page, partially over the dotted lines. **Question 8:** A negatively charged sphere is falling through a magnetic field. **Diagram Description:** * **Type:** Schematic diagram illustrating a sphere falling between two poles of a magnet. * **Main Elements:** * Two rectangular blocks labeled "north pole of magnet" (left) and "south pole of magnet" (right), placed facing each other with a gap in between. * A circular object labeled with minus signs (indicating negative charge) positioned in the gap between the poles. * A vertical arrow pointing downwards from the sphere, labeled "direction of motion". **Question Stem:** What is the direction of the magnetic force acting on the sphere? **Options:** A. To the left of the page B. To the right of the page C. Out of the page D. Into the page **Other Information:** * The number "8" is circled. * The word "Omit" is written above the number 8. * A diagonal red line with a mark is present in the bottom right corner, likely unrelated to the problem content itself. **Question 9** **Question Stem:** 9. A loop of wire lies in a magnetic field directed into the plane of the page. The loop carries a current in a clockwise direction. The magnetic force acting on the wire tends to **Chart/Diagram Description:** Type: Diagram showing a circular loop of wire in a magnetic field within an X-Y coordinate system. Main Elements: - Coordinate Axes: X-axis and Y-axis are shown intersecting at the center of the circular loop. The Y-axis points upwards, and the X-axis points to the right. Arrows indicate the positive direction for both axes. - Circular Loop: A black circle representing the wire loop is centered at the origin (intersection of X and Y axes). - Current Direction: A curved arrow on the top right part of the circle indicates a clockwise current direction in the loop. - Magnetic Field: The magnetic field is represented by symbols "⊗" (circle with an 'X' inside) scattered around and inside the loop. This symbol signifies that the magnetic field lines are directed into the plane of the page. **Options:** A. rotate the loop about the X axis. B. rotate the loop about the Y axis. C. reduce the radius of the loop. D. increase the radius of the loop. **Question 10** **Question Stem:** 10. When a wire with an electric current I is placed in a magnetic field of strength B it experiences a magnetic force F. What is the direction of F? **Other Relevant Text:** Handwritten note: omit **Options:** A. In a direction determined by I only B. In a direction determined by B only C. In the plane containing I and B D. At 90° to the plane containing I and B **Question 12:** An electron is placed at a distance of 0.40 m from a fixed point charge of -6.0 mC. **Diagram Description:** The diagram shows two points separated by a distance of 0.40 m. The left point is labeled "-6.0 mC". The right point is labeled "electron". A dashed line connects the two points, and a double-headed arrow below indicates the distance as "0.40 m". An arrow points from the "-6.0 mC" charge towards the "electron". **Question Parts:** (a) Show that the electric field strength due to the point charge at the position of the electron is 3.4 × 10⁸ N C⁻¹. [2] (b) (i) Calculate the magnitude of the initial acceleration of the electron. [2] **Annotations:** "Omit" is written next to the question number and parts (a) and (b) (i). Red diagonal lines are drawn across the blank space below parts (a) and (b) (i). **Question:** (b ii) Describe the subsequent motion of the electron. **Other Relevant Text:** [3] omit (b ii) - circled annotation **Formatting:** Dotted lines are provided for the answer. A red line segment is present in the upper left area of the answer space. **Question 13:** A proton is moving in a region of uniform magnetic field. The magnetic field is directed into the plane of the paper. The arrow shows the velocity of the proton at one instant and the dotted circle gives the path followed by the proton. **Diagram Description:** - Type: Schematic diagram illustrating a charged particle's motion in a magnetic field. - Main Elements: - A rectangular region containing multiple symbols '⊗', representing a uniform magnetic field directed into the plane of the paper. - A solid black circle labelled "proton". - An upward pointing arrow originating from the proton, representing its velocity vector. - A dashed circle, roughly centered within the magnetic field region, representing the circular path followed by the proton. The proton is shown on the right side of this dashed circle, with the velocity arrow tangent to the circle, pointing upwards. - Labels and Annotations: "proton" is labelled next to the solid black circle. The speed of the proton is 2.0 × 10⁶ m s⁻¹ and the magnetic field strength B is 0.35 T. (a) Explain why the path of the proton is a circle. [2] (b i) Show that the radius of the path is about 6 cm. [2] Here is the extracted content from the image: **Question (b ii):** (b ii) Calculate the time for one complete revolution. [2] *(Handwritten annotation near [2]: Red cross and circle)* **Question (c):** *(Handwritten annotation:* Omit) (c) Explain why the kinetic energy of the proton is constant. [2] *(Chart/Diagram Description: Not a traditional chart or diagram. The image shows parts of a test paper with questions and blank lines for answers. There are red diagonal lines drawn across some of the blank lines, possibly indicating marking or cancellation. There are also handwritten annotations like "Omit" and marking symbols (cross and circle) near the allocated marks.)* **Extracted Content:** **Question Stem:** 14. Two parallel wires A and B both carry an electrical current into the page. **Diagram Description:** * Type: Schematic diagram showing two parallel wires and magnetic field lines. * Elements: * Two circles labeled 'A' and 'B'. * Inside each circle, there is a cross symbol (+), indicating that the current is flowing into the page. * Around circle A, there are several curved lines forming concentric loops. Arrows on these lines indicate the direction of the magnetic field lines. The direction shown is clockwise. * Circle B is located to the right of circle A. * A red 'x' is marked near wire A. * Handwritten red markings "[2]" and "[3] O" are present next to questions (a.i) and (a.ii) respectively, likely indicating marks allocated. * Relative Position: Wire B is to the right of wire A. **Question Parts:** (a.i) Draw the magnetic field lines due to A. [2] (a ii) State and explain, using your diagram, why a force acts on B due to A in the plane of the paper. [3] **Other Information:** * Dotted lines are provided below part (a.ii) for writing the answer. * A curved red line is drawn over some of the dotted lines. **Question Stem:** (b) Both wires are 7.5 m long and are 0.25 m apart. The current in both wires is 12 A. Determine the force that acts on one wire due to the other. **Other Relevant Text:** [2] (Marking) End of Assessment **Diagram Description:** The image shows a blank workspace area below the question stem with several horizontal dotted lines. There is a red line drawn diagonally across the top left part of the dotted lines. There is no specific diagram related to the physics problem presented.