Motion is one of the fundamental concepts in physics. When we say an object is in motion, we mean that its position is changing with respect to time. For example, when a car moves along a road, its position changes continuously, and we can track this change to understand its motion.
Motion can be classified into different types. Uniform motion occurs when an object moves with constant velocity, covering equal distances in equal time intervals. Non-uniform motion happens when velocity changes, meaning the object covers unequal distances in equal time intervals. There's also circular motion where objects move in circular paths.
Acceleration is the rate at which velocity changes with time. If an object's velocity increases, it has positive acceleration. If velocity decreases, it has negative acceleration or deceleration. The formula for acceleration is the change in velocity divided by time. In this graph, we see constant acceleration where velocity increases uniformly with time.
There are three main types of acceleration. Positive acceleration occurs when velocity increases over time, shown by an upward sloping line. Negative acceleration or deceleration happens when velocity decreases, represented by a downward sloping line. Zero acceleration means constant velocity, shown as a horizontal line where velocity remains unchanged.
In summary, motion and acceleration are fundamental concepts in physics. Motion describes how objects change position over time, while acceleration describes how velocity changes. These concepts are interconnected through Newton's laws of motion and form the foundation for understanding mechanics in physics and engineering applications.