Here's a brief history of Bangalore (Bengaluru), the capital city of Karnataka, India: --- Ancient and Medieval Period Prehistoric Origins: Archeological findings suggest human settlements in the Bangalore region dating back to the Stone Age. 9th–10th Century CE: Inscriptions found in and around Bangalore show it was part of the Ganga Dynasty, followed by the Cholas and later the Hoysalas. 1537 CE: The modern history of Bangalore begins when Kempe Gowda I, a feudatory ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire, founded the city. He built a mud fort and established markets and residential areas. --- Mughal and Maratha Influence 17th Century: The city came under the control of the Bijapur Sultanate and then the Mughals, who sold it to Chikkadevaraya Wodeyar, the ruler of Mysore. 18th Century: Hyder Ali and later his son Tipu Sultan ruled Bangalore as part of the Kingdom of Mysore. Tipu Sultan developed the city further and built a summer palace there. --- British Period 1799: After Tipu Sultan’s defeat in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, Bangalore was handed over to the British, who established a cantonment (military base). Bangalore was split into two parts: Bangalore City (Pete) – ruled by the Maharaja of Mysore. Bangalore Cantonment – administered by the British. This led to a dual-city structure with distinct cultures, languages, and architecture. --- Post-Independence Period 1947: After India gained independence, Bangalore became part of the Mysore State (later renamed Karnataka). 1980s–1990s: Bangalore emerged as a center for public sector industries and later the IT revolution, earning it the nickname "Silicon Valley of India." The city also developed into a hub for aerospace, biotechnology, education, and startup culture. --- Modern Bangalore (Bengaluru) In 2006, the city's official name was changed from Bangalore to Bengaluru to reflect its local Kannada pronunciation. Today, Bengaluru is one of India's most dynamic cities, known for its technology industry, cosmopolitan culture, pleasant climate, and diverse population. --- Would you like a timeline or a deeper look into any specific period or theme (e.g., Kempe Gowda’s contributions, British cantonment, or IT growth)?

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The history of Bangalore begins in ancient times with Stone Age settlements. Archaeological evidence shows continuous human habitation in this region. During the medieval period, the area was ruled by successive dynasties including the Gangas in the ninth century, followed by the Cholas and Hoysalas. The modern city was founded in fifteen thirty seven by Kempe Gowda the First, who built a mud fort and established the foundation of what would become one of India's most important cities. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Bangalore witnessed significant political changes. The city came under the control of the Bijapur Sultanate and then the Mughals, who eventually sold it to Chikkadevaraya Wodeyar of Mysore. The most transformative period came under Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan, who developed the city extensively. Tipu Sultan built his famous summer palace and strengthened the city's fortifications, making Bangalore an important center of the Mysore Kingdom. After Tipu Sultan's defeat in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in seventeen ninety nine, Bangalore came under British control. The British established a unique dual city structure. Bangalore City, also known as Pete, remained under the rule of the Maharaja of Mysore, while the Cantonment was directly administered by the British as a military base. This division created two distinct areas with different cultures, languages, and architectural styles that would shape the city's character for generations to come. After India's independence in nineteen forty seven, Bangalore became part of Mysore State, later renamed Karnataka. The city experienced remarkable transformation in the nineteen eighties with the establishment of public sector industries and research institutions. The real breakthrough came in the nineteen nineties during the IT revolution, when Bangalore earned the nickname Silicon Valley of India. Global technology companies set up operations here, leading to a software exports boom. Today, Bangalore continues to be an innovation hub for biotechnology, startups, and educational excellence. To summarize Bangalore's remarkable journey: From ancient Stone Age settlements to medieval dynasties, from Kempe Gowda's foundation to Tipu Sultan's development, from British colonial administration to post-independence industrial growth, and finally to becoming India's Silicon Valley. This transformation reflects the city's ability to adapt and thrive through changing times while maintaining its unique character. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, Bangalore witnessed significant political changes. The city came under the control of the Bijapur Sultanate and then the Mughals, who eventually sold it to Chikkadevaraya Wodeyar of Mysore. The most transformative period came under Hyder Ali and his son Tipu Sultan, who developed the city extensively. Tipu Sultan built his famous summer palace and strengthened the city's fortifications, making Bangalore an important center of the Mysore Kingdom. After Tipu Sultan's defeat in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War in seventeen ninety nine, Bangalore came under British control. The British established a unique dual city structure. Bangalore City, also known as Pete, remained under the rule of the Maharaja of Mysore, while the Cantonment was directly administered by the British as a military base. This division created two distinct areas with different cultures, languages, and architectural styles that would shape the city's character for generations to come. After India's independence in nineteen forty seven, Bangalore became part of Mysore State, later renamed Karnataka. The city experienced remarkable transformation in the nineteen eighties with the establishment of public sector industries and research institutions. The real breakthrough came in the nineteen nineties during the IT revolution, when Bangalore earned the nickname Silicon Valley of India. Global technology companies set up operations here, leading to a software exports boom. Today, Bangalore continues to be an innovation hub for biotechnology, startups, and educational excellence. To summarize Bangalore's remarkable journey: From ancient Stone Age settlements to medieval dynasties, from Kempe Gowda's foundation to Tipu Sultan's development, from British colonial administration to post-independence industrial growth, and finally to becoming India's Silicon Valley. This transformation reflects the city's ability to adapt and thrive through changing times while maintaining its unique character.