这道题的解答是怎样的?---Question 10.
Problem Description:
如图所示, 电源电压保持不变, 灯丝电阻不受温度影响, 滑动变阻器的最大电阻为 12 Ω。当 S 闭合, S₁ 断开, 滑动变阻器的滑片 P 在 a 端时, 电压表示数为 6 V; 当 S, S₁ 都闭合, 滑动变阻器的滑片 P 在 b 端时, 电流表的示数为 2 A。
Circuit Diagram Description:
Type: Electrical circuit diagram.
Elements: Power source (battery), switch S, ammeter A, sliding rheostat R with terminals labeled a and b and slider P, lamp L (marked with X), switch S₁, voltmeter V.
Connections:
- The power source, switch S, ammeter A, and the sliding rheostat (connected using terminal b and slider P) are in series. Current enters the rheostat at b and exits at P.
- The lamp L is connected in parallel with the segment of the rheostat from terminal a to slider P (segment aP), via switch S₁.
- The voltmeter V is connected in parallel across the lamp L.
Given Information:
- Power source voltage is constant.
- Lamp filament resistance is unaffected by temperature.
- Maximum resistance of sliding rheostat R (between a and b) is 12 Ω.
- When S is closed, S₁ is open, and P is at end a, the voltmeter reading is 6 V. (This reading is interpreted as the voltage across the rheostat when its resistance is 12 Ω, which equals the source voltage).
- When S and S₁ are both closed, and P is at end b, the ammeter reading is 2 A. (Ammeter measures total current).
Sub-questions:
(1) 当 S, S₁ 都闭合, 滑动变阻器的滑片 P 在 b 端时, 电压表的示数是多少?
(1) When S and S₁ are both closed, and the slider P of the sliding rheostat is at end b, what is the voltmeter reading?
(2) 电源电压是多少?
(2) What is the power source voltage?
(3) S 闭合, S₁ 断开, 滑动变阻器的滑片 P 在 a 端时, 灯 L 在 10 min 内消耗的电能是多少?
(3) When S is closed, S₁ is open, and the slider P of the sliding rheostat is at end a, what is the electrical energy consumed by lamp L in 10 min?