Try to explain this in animation ---Q.9 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?
Rutherford's famous a-particle scattering experiment, it was observed and concluded that :
Ans A). a small fraction of the a-particles was deflected by small angles.
B). most of the a-particles passed through the gold foil undeflected.
C). Most of the space in the atom is not empty as most of the a-particles passed through the foil undeflected.
D). a very few a-particles (~ 1 in 20,000)bounced back, that is, were deflected by nearly 180°.
Correct Answer: C
Q.10 The product of mass (m) of an object and its velocity (v) =
Ans A). Force
B). Displacement
C). Momentum
D). Acceleration
Correct Answer: C
视频信息
答案文本
视频字幕
In nineteen oh nine, Ernest Rutherford conducted a groundbreaking experiment that revealed the structure of the atom. Alpha particles were fired at a thin gold foil to study what happens when they interact with atoms.
The key observation from Rutherford's experiment was that most alpha particles, about ninety nine percent, passed straight through the gold foil without any deflection. This was a surprising result that would lead to important conclusions about atomic structure.
From this observation, Rutherford concluded that atoms must be mostly empty space. The logic is simple: if most particles pass through without hitting anything, then there must be very little solid matter in the atom to block their path. This was a revolutionary discovery that changed our understanding of atomic structure.
Now let's examine statement C, which claims that most of the space in the atom is not empty because most alpha particles passed through undeflected. This statement is incorrect! The observation that most particles passed through actually proves the opposite conclusion - that atoms are mostly empty space. Statement C contradicts the logical interpretation of the experimental results.
To summarize: Rutherford's experiment demonstrated that most alpha particles pass through gold foil undeflected, proving atoms are mostly empty space. Statement C incorrectly claims the opposite - that atoms are not empty. This contradicts the experimental evidence, making C the incorrect statement and the correct answer to this question.