Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that every object with mass attracts every other object with mass. This fundamental force is what keeps our feet on the ground and governs the motion of planets and stars throughout the universe.
The mathematical formula for gravity is F equals G times m one times m two divided by r squared. Here F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, m one and m two are the masses of the two objects, and r is the distance between their centers. Notice that the force acts equally on both objects but in opposite directions.
Two key factors affect gravitational force: mass and distance. When we increase the mass of either object, the gravitational force increases proportionally. If we double both masses, the force becomes four times stronger. However, distance has the opposite effect. When we double the distance between objects, the force becomes one-fourth as strong due to the inverse square relationship.