Welcome to our overview of SAT Math skills. The SAT Math section tests students across four main content areas. First, Heart of Algebra, which focuses on linear equations and functions. Second, Problem Solving and Data Analysis, which tests your ability to analyze data and solve practical problems. Third, Passport to Advanced Math, covering more complex equations and functions. And fourth, Additional Topics in Math, which includes geometry, trigonometry, and complex numbers. Let's explore each area in detail.
Heart of Algebra is a core component of the SAT Math section. It focuses on linear relationships, which are fundamental to advanced mathematics. Key skills in this area include solving linear equations and inequalities in one variable, working with systems of linear equations like the one shown here, interpreting linear functions in context, graphing linear equations and inequalities, understanding linear functions, and solving equations involving absolute value. In this example, we have a system of two linear equations that intersect at the point (1,2), which represents the solution to the system. These skills are essential because they form the foundation for more complex mathematical concepts.
Problem Solving and Data Analysis is another critical area of the SAT Math section. This component tests your ability to analyze and interpret data in various forms. Key skills include analyzing and summarizing data using measures like mean, median, and mode, as shown in our bar chart example. You'll need to interpret tables, graphs, and charts like histograms and scatterplots. The SAT also tests your ability to work with ratios, proportions, percentages, and units, as well as solving problems involving rates and proportional relationships. You'll encounter questions about linear and exponential growth, calculating probability, and evaluating statistical claims and experimental design. These skills are particularly valuable because they connect directly to real-world applications in fields like economics, science, and social studies.
Passport to Advanced Math focuses on more complex mathematical concepts that prepare students for college-level mathematics. Key skills in this area include working with quadratic equations, including solving, graphing, and interpreting them, as shown by the blue parabola in our figure. You'll also work with polynomial expressions and functions, like the cubic function shown in red. The SAT tests your understanding of function transformations for various function types, including quadratic, exponential (shown in green), and polynomial functions. You'll need to solve equations with radicals and rational exponents, as well as rational equations like those shown in our example box. Understanding the structure in expressions is another important skill in this area. These advanced math skills are crucial for students planning to pursue STEM fields in college.
The final area of SAT Math covers Additional Topics in Math, which includes three main subjects. First, Geometry, which tests your knowledge of area, volume, lines, angles, triangles using the Pythagorean theorem as shown in our purple triangle, and circles including their area and circumference formulas. Second, Trigonometry, represented by our blue unit circle, which covers basic trigonometric ratios like sine, cosine, and tangent, as well as concepts involving radians and the unit circle. While these topics appear less frequently on the SAT, they're still important to master. Third, Complex Numbers, shown in green, which tests your ability to perform basic operations with complex numbers in the form a + bi. By mastering all four content areas we've covered - Heart of Algebra, Problem Solving and Data Analysis, Passport to Advanced Math, and these Additional Topics - you'll be well-prepared for success on the SAT Math section.