What is the fundamental mediatating particle of gravity force?
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In the Standard Model of particle physics, fundamental forces are mediated by specific particles. The strong force is mediated by gluons, the electromagnetic force by photons, and the weak force by W and Z bosons. But what about gravity? What is the fundamental particle that mediates the gravitational force between objects like the Earth and an apple?
The fundamental mediating particle of gravity is theorized to be the graviton. The graviton is a hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravity in quantum field theory. It is predicted to be a spin-2 boson with zero rest mass that travels at the speed of light. Unlike other force carriers like photons, gravitons interact extremely weakly, which is why gravity is the weakest of the four fundamental forces. Despite decades of theoretical work, the graviton has not yet been experimentally detected due to the weakness of gravitational interactions.