Could you explain me in detail how phtosynthesis works, I want the detailed view of stomata and water molecules

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Photosynthesis is the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy. The overall equation shows that plants take in carbon dioxide and water, and using light energy, produce glucose and oxygen. This process occurs in specialized organelles called chloroplasts, which contain the green pigment chlorophyll. Chlorophyll captures light energy, which is then used to split water molecules and combine carbon dioxide to form glucose. Oxygen is released as a byproduct. Stomata are microscopic pores found primarily on the underside of leaves. Each stoma is surrounded by a pair of specialized cells called guard cells. These guard cells control the opening and closing of the stomatal pore. Stomata serve three critical functions: they allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf for photosynthesis, they permit oxygen to exit as a byproduct of photosynthesis, and they regulate water vapor loss through a process called transpiration. The guard cells change shape based on water pressure, opening when the plant needs to take in carbon dioxide and closing to prevent excessive water loss during drought or at night. Water is essential for photosynthesis in multiple ways. First and most critically, water molecules are split during the light-dependent reactions in a process called photolysis. This reaction, which occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, breaks water into protons, electrons, and oxygen. The equation shows that two water molecules yield four protons, four electrons, and one oxygen molecule. The electrons released from water replace those lost by chlorophyll when it absorbs light energy. These electrons then travel through an electron transport chain, generating energy in the form of ATP and reducing power as NADPH. The protons contribute to a gradient that drives ATP synthesis, while oxygen is released as a byproduct. Water also serves as a transport medium for nutrients throughout the plant and helps maintain cell turgor pressure. Additionally, water evaporation through stomata, known as transpiration, helps cool the plant. Guard cells actively regulate the opening and closing of stomata to maintain a delicate balance between photosynthetic needs and water conservation. During the day, when light is available for photosynthesis, stomata typically open to allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf. This opening occurs as guard cells actively pump potassium ions into their cytoplasm, causing water to follow osmotically. As the guard cells become turgid with water, they curve away from each other, creating an opening. However, this same opening allows water vapor to escape through transpiration. At night or during drought conditions, the process reverses - guard cells lose potassium ions and water, becoming flaccid and closing the stomatal pore to conserve water. This regulation is influenced by multiple environmental factors including light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, water availability, temperature, and humidity. The plant must constantly balance its need for carbon dioxide against the risk of dehydration. Let's summarize the complete photosynthesis process and the crucial role of water and stomata. Photosynthesis converts light energy from the sun into chemical energy stored in glucose. Water molecules are essential reactants that provide electrons and hydrogen atoms needed for this conversion. Stomata on the leaf surface regulate the exchange of gases - allowing carbon dioxide in and oxygen out - while also controlling water loss through transpiration. The process occurs in two main stages: First, the light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, where water molecules are split, releasing oxygen, electrons, and protons. The electrons travel through an electron transport chain, generating ATP and NADPH. Second, in the Calvin cycle, which occurs in the chloroplast stroma, carbon dioxide is fixed and combined with the products from the first stage to produce glucose. The overall equation shows that six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, with light energy, produce one glucose molecule and six oxygen molecules. This elegant process is fundamental to life on Earth, as it produces both the oxygen we breathe and the food energy that sustains nearly all ecosystems.